JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN TROPIKA

Effect of Karamunting Leaf Extract (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk.) To Control Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith

Lyly Hidayah — 2025-09-30

Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Fall Armyworm) is a pest that attacks corn and other economically important crops. S. frugiperda larvae can damage all parts of the corn plant including stems, leaves, shoots, tillers, and even the leaves of young plants can be damaged. This research aims to determine the effect of R. tomentosa leaf extract in controlling S. frugiperda. The method used was research using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 2 replications, resulting in 24 experimental units. The treatment involved R. tomentosa leaf extract at different doses and application methods by dipping the larvae and spraying the leaves. As a result, the life cycle of S. frugiperda lasts 32-54 days and extract doses of 10 ml (95%) and 8 ml (85%) are effective in killing larvae, while lower doses also have a significant effect.

Insect Attraction to Various Types of Colors and Height of Traps On Large Chili Plants

Muhammad Saupi — 2025-09-30

Color traps are one way to control insects around plants. This research aims to determine the type of color and height of the trap on insect attraction to chili plants in 2 generative phases and vegetative phase. This research took place in Bentok Darat Village, Bati-Bati District, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The method used was (RAL) with 2 factors and 3 repetitions. The first color factor is W1: Yellow, W2: Green, W3: Red and the second factor is the height of T1: 30 cm, T2: 60 cm and T3: 90 cm. The results of this research were that yellow traps had the highest number of insect catches, namely 1,634 and at a height of 30 cm, yellow traps had the highest number of catches, 362. From this research, the total number of insect catches obtained was 3,676 individuals. In the vegetative phase there were 1,629 insects and in the generative phase there were 2,047 insects.

Identification of Postharvest Pathogenic Bacteria in Feed Corn (Zea mays L.)

Ahmad Maulana — 2025-09-30

Postharvest plant pest organisms include bacteria. This research aims to determine the colony morphology characteristics and physiology of post-harvest pathogenic bacteria of feed corn (Zea mays L.), and to determine its genus. The method used was purposive sampling and samples were taken from the PT. Arutmin Indonesia Site Satui storage warehouse in Satui District, Tanah Bumbu Regency. Bacteria isolated from samples and positive for being pathogenic on corn seeds were identified by observing the colony's morphological characteristics and physiology. The results showed that the pathogenic bacteria identified were bacteria from the genus Dickeya and there were still bacteria of unknown genus, and no bacteria from the genus Pantoea were found. The first bacteria of the Dickeya genus are white with a grayish circular pattern in the middle, round to irregular shape, uneven edges, flat surface, and not shiny. These characteristics are the same as those of the Dickeya zeae bacteria. The second Dickeya genus of bacteria looks grayish white in the middle and bright white at the edges, round to irregular in shape, the edges look slightly blurry and slightly stringy, the surface is convex to flat, and shiny. These characteristics are the same as those of the Dickeya chrysanthemi bacteria. Based on their physiological characteristics, the bacteria obtained have similarities with the bacteria of the genus Dickeya, namely they are gram negative, can grow in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, can produce the catalase enzyme, are not yellow if grown on YDC media, can cause soft rot, and can produce the enzyme lecithinase.

The ability of Bacillus spp. In Increasing the Resistance of Tomato Plants Against Yellow Curly Virus Infection

Ahmad Anshari — 2025-09-30

Tomato plants (L. esculentum Mill.) are vegetable crops. Tomato production in South Kalimantan is very low due to the attack of a plant disease, namely the yellow curly virus. Caused by the presence of the vector B. tabaci, control usually carried out by farmers is only controlling the vector with insecticides, not to control the virus. This control has negative impacts. Good control and has been widely used is biological control. Which utilizes microorganisms in tomato plants to induce resistance to yellow curly virus infection. In this study, a completely randomized design (CRD) was designed with one factor. The administration of Bacillus spp. derived from bamboo plant roots, elephant grass roots and chili roots was the factor tested. There were 5 treatments and 4 replications, The results of this study showed that the administration of Bacillus spp. derived from bamboo plant roots, elephant grass roots and chili roots, was able to induce tomato plant resistance to yellow curly virus infection. The lowest percentage of yellow curly virus attack intensity with an average (10.54%) was the tomato plants treated with Bacillus spp. derived from elephant grass roots. The average attack intensity of yellow curly virus on untreated and inoculated plants was 32.63%. The administration of Bacillus spp. from bamboo roots (T2), elephant grass roots (T3), and chili roots (T4) was shown to induce tomato plant resistance to yellow curly virus infection.

Effect of Differences in Yellow Trap Height On Insect Catch Results in Chili Plantings (Capsicum annum L.)

Rahmatullah Rahmatullah — 2025-09-30

There are many problems and negative impacts caused by insects on chili plants (Capsicum annum L.), so one alternative environmentally friendly control method is to use insect traps, one of the traps that can be used is the yellow trap. The aim of this research is to find out how effective yellow traps are against pests in red chili plantations. This method uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor consisting of four treatments (T1 30 cm, T2 60 cm, T3 90 cm and T4 120 cm), which was repeated 6 times. The results of this study showed that all yellow trap treatments showed that the treatment in the first to sixth weeks had no real effect on trap setting and tended to decrease the number of catches. It was found that the percentage of insect intensity in the observations showed that the highest percentage figure for the T3 treatment was 3.81%, while the lowest percentage figure for the T1 treatment was 3.28%.

The Ability of Jackfruit Leaf Powder (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) in Suppressing Attacks by Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne Spp.) on Celery Plants

Maria Yuliana — 2025-09-30

Celery (Apium graveolens L.) is a leafy vegetable that plays a very important role and has significant export value. In terms of popularity and economic value, celery ranks second after lettuce among spice plants. In South Kalimantan, celery is widely cultivated, but there are serious obstacles faced by farmers, namely the attack of root knot nematodes (Melodogyne spp.) whose population is quite high. Celery plants infected with Meloidogyne spp. usually shows symptoms such as chlorosis on the leaves, stunted growth, wilted leaves, and a small number of roots. In severe conditions, the plant may die. Therefore, the search for environmentally friendly alternatives for pest control is very important. The aim of this research is to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides which can damage agricultural ecosystems. One alternative that can be considered in controlling pests is the use of vegetable pesticides derived from jackfruit leaves (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk). This research aims to test the effectiveness of jackfruit leaf powder in dealing with attacks by root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on celery plants which is the main focus of this research. This research was carried out by applying the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method, which aims to obtain accurate and reliable data regarding the impact of the attack which involves one factor, namely treatment using 500 Meloidogyne spp eggs. as a control and four other treatments with jackfruit leaf powder: 500 Meloidogyne spp. + 25 grams of jackfruit leaf powder (P1), 500 Meloidogyne spp eggs. + 50 grams of jackfruit leaf powder (P2), 500 Meloidogyne spp eggs. + 75 grams of jackfruit leaf powder (P3), as well as 500 Meloidogyne spp eggs. + 100 grams of jackfruit leaf powder (P4). The results of the research showed that treatment with 100 grams of jackfruit leaf powder (P4) was able to reduce the severity of the disease and the average number of root knot nematode populations. The highest disease severity was recorded in control plants (K0), namely 38.80%, while the lowest percentage was found in the treatment (P4) which only reached 12.50%. The highest root knot nematode population was observed in treatment (P1) with 427.25 individuals, while the lowest population was recorded in treatment (P4) with 199,875 individuals.

Identification of Entomopathogenic Fungi from the Rhizosphere of Oil Palm Plants (Elaeis guineensis J.)

Nur Khalifah S — 2025-09-30

Entomopathogens are microorganisms that can cause disease in insects. Entomopathogenic fungi are one type of bioinsecticide that can kill insects by infecting them through the skin, digestive tract, spiracles and other holes. This research aims to identify entomopathogenic fungi from around oil palm plants. The method used in this research began with a survey and purposive sampling of soil samples taken at the oil palm plantation of PT Mulia Agro Permai Timur Sampit, Central Kalimantan. Samples were taken at five different points, one sample was obtained at each point at a depth of 15-20 cm. From the isolation results, five types of isolates were obtained, namely the fungi Penicillium spp., Mucor spp., Trichoderma spp., Metarhizium spp., and Beauveria spp. From the Koch Postulate test using Hong Kong caterpillar larvae (Tenebrio molitor) as test larvae which were inoculated with entomopathogenic fungi. The results showed that the five fungus isolates were able to cause death in the test larvae with different death times for each isolate.

Effect of Several Concentrations of Tuber Extract (Cyperus rotundus) Against the Germination of Mountain Range Weed Seeds (Neptunia oleracea)

Putri Minarahmi — 2025-09-30

This study aims to determine the effect of Cyperus rotundus tuber extract on mortality and final germination of seeds of the weed Neptunia oleracea. The research was carried out using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five concentration treatments, namely 0% (control), 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%, each of which was repeated four times. Parameters observed included mortality rate, final germination and germination length. The results of the study showed that administration of nut tuber extract (C. rotundus) did not have a significant effect on mortality or final germination of seeds of the weed N. oleracea. However, there is a tendency that the higher the concentration of the extract given, the greater the percentage of inhibition that occurs. This shows the potential for allelopathic effects which need to be explored further through research with different concentrations and application methods.

The Potential of Botanical Insecticides for the Control of Callosobruchus chinensis L.

Harlina Kusuma Tuti — 2025-09-30

Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is a major storage pest of legumes that reduces seed quality, germination capacity, and causes yield losses of up to 30–50% during storage. Control strategies have generally relied on synthetic chemical insecticides, which may lead to resistance, hazardous residues, and adverse impacts on health and the environment. Therefore, botanical insecticides are considered a safer and more sustainable alternative. This review article was prepared through a systematic literature study by searching scientific publications from Google Scholar and Google Books using the keywords “botanical insecticide,” “plant extract,” “essential oil,” “pulse beetle,” and Callosobruchus chinensis. The findings indicate that several plants such as Neem (Azadirachta indica), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Custard Apple (Annona squamosa), Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus), Tuba Root (Derris elliptica), and Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) show great potential as botanical insecticides. Their active compounds, including azadirachtin, piperine, annonacin, β-asarone, rotenone, as well as alkaloids and flavonoids, act through multiple mechanisms, such as contact poison, stomach poison, antifeedant, repellent, and sterilant agents, effectively suppressing pest populations. The advantages of botanical insecticides include biodegradability, environmental safety, and the availability of abundant local resources, although limitations remain in terms of residual activity and consistency of effectiveness. Thus, botanical insecticides have the potential to be developed as an important component of environmentally friendly and sustainable Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies to protect stored commodities from losses caused by storage pests.

Effectiveness of Yellow Color Combination Pheromone Traps on Curly Red Chili Plants (Capsicum annum L.)

Ruly Firdaus — 2025-09-30

The use of synthetic pesticides causes negative effects so research turns to natural control, one of which is the yellow trap. Yellow traps combined with the active ingredient methyl eugenol can reduce pesticide use by up to 75-95%. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of yellow combination pheromone traps on curly red chili plants (Capsicum annum L.). The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 24 traps and 3 treatments repeated 6 times. The results showed that trap installation was effective, with treatment T3 recording the highest insect intensity at 21.0% and T1 the lowest at 13.8%.