Leaf Spot Disease in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Nurseries in Tanah Laut Regency

Abstract

The nursery stage is a critical phase determining the optimal growth of oil palm plants in the field; seedlings are particularly susceptible to leaf spot disease, which can manifest from the early nursery stage through to the production phase. This study aimed to analyze the incidence and severity of leaf spot disease in oil palm nurseries in Tanah Laut Regency. A survey method employing stratified purposive sampling and supporting questionnaires was used, with observations conducted diagonally on 125 sample plants per location. Data were analyzed descriptively by tabulating disease incidence and severity. The results showed an average disease incidence of 40% and a severity level of 31%, both falling into the moderate category. Soil pH and moisture levels were relatively optimal for oil palm nurseries, ranging from 5.0 to 6.5 and 60% to 90%, respectively. Fungicides frequently used by farmers in the field included Antracol (active ingredient: 70% Propineb) and AmistarTop (active ingredients: azoxystrobin and difenoconazole).