Acta Solum

Keragaman Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular pada Rizosfer Tiga Varietas Tanaman Tebu

Sun, 20 Jul 2025 17:08:51 +0800

Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular (JMA) merupakan kelompok jamur yang dapat bersimbiosis dengan lebih dari 80% akar tanaman. Hubungan simbisosis ini mampu meningkatan serapan hara dan ketahanan tanaman terhadap cekaman lingkungan. Macam dan jumlah JMA sebagai simbion sangat dipengaruhi oleh tanaman inangnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis JMA pada berbagai varietas tebu (Bululawang, Kidang Kencana, dan Pasuruan Jengkol 922) yang ditanam pada lokasi dan tanah yang sama. Spora JMA diisolasi dengan metode penyaringan basah secara bertingkat. Proses identifikasi dilakukan dengan pengamatan mikroskopik terhadap morfologi spora yang telah diberi pewarna PVLG dan reagen Melzer. Identifikasi molekuler melalui analisis sekuens gen rRNA menggunakan metode nested PCR dengan pasangan primer NS1 dan NS4 dilanjutkan dengan pasangan primer AML1-AML2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan keanekaragaman spora terbesar genus JMA ditemukan pada tanah varietas Kidang Kencana yaitu 269 spora (berbeda nyata dengan uji DMRT, p<0.05) diikuti varietas Bululawang dengan jumlah spora 191 dan Pasuruang Jengkol 922 dengan jumlah spora 142. Angka keanekaragaman JMA pada tanaman tebu tergolong sedang, dan terdapat empat spesies JMA yang berhasil diidentifikasi secara morfologi dan molekuler, yaitu Glomus flavisporum, Acaulospora koskei, Gigaspora Margarita, dan Scutellospora savannicola. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah dan jenis JMA yang berasosiasi dengan akar tanaman tebu dipengaruhi oleh varietas tanaman, dan Glomus sp. merupakan kelompok yang mendominasi tiga varietas tanaman tebu yang diteliti.

Kemasaman Tanah, C-Mikroorganisme dan Pertumbuhan Bawang Daun di Lahan Gambut Berdasarkan Perbedaan Jarak Dari Saluran Air

Muhammad Daud Maulidi, Ahmad Kurnain, Abdul Hadi — Sun, 20 Jul 2025 17:59:28 +0800

This research aims to determine differences in soil acidity, C-microorganisms and the growth of spring onion (Allium fistulosum L.) on peatlands based on the difference in distance from waterways. The study will be conducted from February 2022 to May 2022. The implementation of the research is located in the Greenhouse and in the Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Biology, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. This research method is quantitative research with a survey approach using exploratory descriptive methods. The data analysis used was by paired T-Test analysis to find out the differences in parameters observed over a period of five days. The result of this study was that there was a difference in soil acidity and growth of spring onion plants, while C-microorganisms was not.

Pengaruh Amelioran terhadap Jerapan Isotermal Fosfat di Tanah Mineral Masam

Maulida Maulida, Fadly Hairannoor Yusran, Ismed Fachruzi, Zuraida Titin Mariana — Sun, 20 Jul 2025 18:34:53 +0800

Ultisol is one type of land in Indonesia that has an area distribution of about 25% of Indonesia's total land area and the widest distribution is in Kalimantan (21.938.000 ha). The acidic pH of the soil causes low availability of P in Ultisol and the occurrence of P fixation by Al and Fe which are positively charged, making P difficult to be available to plants. In this study, ameliorant was added in the form of dolomite and chicken manure to see the effect on Ultisol soil by isothermal phosphate absorption analysis and processed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equations. The results of the study concluded that the application of P on Ultisol soil in Gunung Kupang Village, Cempaka District, Banjarbaru City, was in accordance with the Freundlich Equation. High or low P absorption indicates the level of P availability in the soil. In other words, fixation on acidic mineral soils can reduce the amount of P available to Plants.

Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Limbah Decanter Solid dan Abu Boiler Kelapa Sawit terhadap Perubahan Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Ultisols

Riska Fitrianty Nurjanah, Muhammad Mahbub, Hairil Ifansyah — Sun, 20 Jul 2025 22:53:26 +0800

Ultisols is an acid mineral soil that has various problems namely high soil acidity, Al³⁺ concentration and nutrient poor. One way to increase soil fertility and quality is by using ameliorant. Palm oil waste can be used to make ameliorant. Palm oil decanter cake and palm oil boiler ash are the types of palm oil waste used in this research. Providing Palm oil decanter cake and palm oil boiler ash can increase pH, available N-mineral, P concentration, and K-dd in Ultisols. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of providing waste decanter solid and palm oil boiler ash on changes in several chemical properties of Ultisols soil and the best combination of palm oil solid waste (decanter solid) and palm oil boiler ash to improve several soil chemical properties, namely, pH, availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Ultisols soil. This research used a Completely Randomized Design Method factorial with two factors, the first factor being a Palm oil decanter cake (0, 5, and 10 t ha^-1) and the second factor is palm oil boiler ash (0, 5, and 10 t ha^-1), with three repetitions. This research was carried out in a greenhouse and analyzed in a soil physics, chemistry and biology laboratory. The research results show a combination of Palm oil decanter cake and palm oil boiler ash have a significant effect on pH, N-mineral concentration, and available P and palm oil boiler ash itself can increase the concentration of K-dd.

Pengaruh Pemberian Lumpur Padat Limbah Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Ketersediaan Hara Pada Tanah Podsolik Dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung

Fidela Shabrina, Muhammad Syarbini, Abdul Hadi — Sun, 20 Jul 2025 23:36:48 +0800

Podzolic soil fertility and health are generally low due to its poor physical and chemical properties. Consequently, the use of organic soil amendments is essential to improve these properties and provide essential nutrients. Palm oil mill sludge solid waste is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium which makes it a suitable fertilizer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of palm oil mill sludge solid waste application on the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in podzolic soil and corn (Zea mays) production. The experiment was conducted in a pot using a single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The findings showed that application of palm oil mill sludge solid waste to podzolic soil increased the availability of nutrients N-NH₄⁺, N-NO₃^-, available P and available K and the fresh and dry weight of corn plants. However, it did not increase soil pH. Treatment P4 (20 t ha^-1) produced the highest values of N-NH₄⁺, N-NO₃^-, available P, available K and the fresh and dry weight of corn plants, making it the most effective treatment for the utilization of palm oil mill sludge on Podzolic soil.

Identifikasi Karakteristik Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Tanah Pada Kawasan Rencana Pengambangan Daerah Irigasi Rawa Sabuhur

Sun, 20 Jul 2025 23:55:39 +0800

To increase rice production in Tanah Laut Regency, one of the programs implemented by the Tanah Laut Regency Government is the development of swamp irrigation areas in Sabuhur Village. Sabuhur Village has a large swamp area, which has great potential to be developed as agricultural land. However, the success of this development is highly dependent on the suitability of the soil for use as agricultural land. Therefore, testing the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil is a crucial first step to identify the potential and constraints that may occur. The method used is field sampling and laboratory testing. Based on the test results, it can be seen that the characteristics of the physical and chemical properties of the soil at the research location. In terms of soil physical properties at the location, it can be known that soil permeability ranges from 1.86-3.64 cm/h (silty clay), bulk density ranges from 1.01-1.46 g/cm3 (most have exceeded critical values for agriculture), particle density ranges from 1.9-2.86 g/cm3 (mineral soil conditions), porosity ranges from 38.83%-63.31% (silty clay), and aggregate stability ranges from 14%-62.8%. As for the chemical properties of the soil, the total Fe content ranges between 112.19-507.47 ppm, pyrite content between 0.004-0.053% (small pyrite content), CEC ranges between 16.15-30.81 me/100gr (moderate to high soil clay content), and moisture content ranges between 4.88%-29.03. Therefore, the sampling location is not a swamp area because it is mostly mineral soil with a small moisture content. The observation location is a permanently submerged wetland environment.

Pengaruh Amelioran Terhadap Kemasaman dan Ketersediaan P Tanah Ultisol

Sri Rezeki Makatita, Fakhrur Razie, Ratna Ratna — Thu, 07 Aug 2025 13:37:24 +0800

Ultisol is soil on acidic dry land which has problems such as low organic matter content, soil pH and availability of nutrients, one of which is P-available. Chicken manure and coal ash can function as ameliorant materials so that they can improve fertility in ultisol soil. This research aims to determine the effect of applying ameliorant (chicken manure and coal ash) on the acidity and P availability of ultisol soil. This research used a single factor Completely Randomized Design method with six treatments repeated four times to produce 24 experimental units including PA0 = control, PA1= 100% coal ash (0,25 t ha^-1) + 0% chicken manure (0 t ha^-1), PA2= 25% chicken manure (0,5 t ha^-1) + 75% coal ash (0,75 t ha^-1), PA3= 50% chicken manure (1 t ha^-1) + 50% coal ash (0,50 t ha^-1), PA4= 75% chicken manure (1,5 t ha^-1) + 25% coal ash (0,25 t ha^-1), PA5= 100% chicken manure (2 t ha^-1) + 0% coal ash (0 t ha^-1). Providing ameliorants in the form of chicken manure and coal ash can expand soil pH, available P and Ca-dd, can reduce soil Al-dd but cannot expand soil Mg-dd.