JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN TROPIKA

Pengaruh Pemberian Pestisida Nabati Daun Bintaro (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum Linn.)

Sri Rahmawati, Muhammad Indar Pramudi, Elly Liestiany — Wed, 29 May 2024 04:50:08 +0000

The problems that often occur with chili commodities in Indonesia every year are caused by several factors, namely changing climatic conditions, limited quality chili seed varieties and the large number of attacks by plant pests, namely pests and diseases. The main disease that always attacks chili plants is anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum capsici. Controlling vegetable pesticides is one alternative that can be done, one of which is the botanical pesticide Bintaro leaves with 2 types of solvents. This research aims to determine the effect of the botanical pesticide bintaro leaves (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) using water and ethanol solvents in controlling anthracnose disease on chili plants (Capsicum annum Linn.). This research used a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method consisting of 8 treatments and 3 replications, namely K = Control (No pesticide), KC = chemical pesticide (active ingredient abamectin), PA = Concentration of 10 ml bintaro leaf solution, PB = Bintaro leaf solution concentration is 20 ml, PC = Bintaro leaf solution concentration is 30 ml, PD = Bintaro leaf extract concentration is 1 ml, PE = Bintaro leaf extract concentration is 2 ml and PF = Bintaro leaf extract concentration is 3 ml. Botanical pesticide treatment of bintaro leaves on chili plants can reduce the percentage of anthracnose attacks. The highest percentage was shown in chili plants that were not treated with the botanical pesticide Bintaro leaves (55.87%). Meanwhile, the lowest percentage was in chili plants that were applied with chemical pesticides (24.20%) and in the vegetable treatment of bintaro leaves with 30 ml solution (25.97%). Apart from that, the botanical pesticide treatment of Bintaro leaves produced the highest number of fruit, namely 49923 fruit/ha, and the wet weight of the fruit was the heaviest, namely 298.92 kg/ha.

Effect of Application of Lime Leaf Solution (Citrus aurantiifolia) on Walang Sangit In Kapuas Murung, Central Kalimantan

Mariana Mariana, Muhammad Indar Pramudi, Elly Liestiany — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:16:44 +0000

Walang sangit (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabricius, (Hemiptera:Alydidae); syn. Leptocorisa acuta) are one of the rice pests that can cause problems because they can reduce the quantity and quality of production, so these grasshoppers need to be controlled. Controlling stink bugs using chemicals is currently more popular because they are quickly visible. However, long-term use of chemicals is not good. Therefore, an alternative method of controlling stink bugs is needed using a solution of lime leaves (Citrus aurantiifolia). This research aims to determine lime leaf solution in controlling stink bugs. The research design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 1 factor consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications, namely with doses of PO (control), PA (20g/80 ml), PB (22.5g/77.5 ml), PC (25g/75 ml), PD (27.5g/72.5 ml) and PE (30g/70 ml). The results of the research show that lime solution can be used as a natural pesticide because it has an effect on suppressing the death of the stink bug. The best dose that can kill the stink bug is 30g/70 ml lime leaf solution.

Effect of Application of Garlic Solution (Allium sativum) on Attack Intensity Leaf Pests on Pakcoy Plants (Brassica rapa L)

Eza Galang Ramadhani, Helda Orbani Rosa, Muhammad Indar Pramudi — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:19:56 +0000

Pakcoy plant (Brassica rapa L.) is a plant that can be planted in low or highlands. However, it is suitable for planting in areas with an altitude of 100-500 m above sea level. Vegetable pesticide solution of garlic (Allium sativum) can be an alternative in suppressing leaf pests on pakchoy plants. The results of the research showed that the application of garlic solution in treatments C (15%) and D (20%) was effective in suppressing leaf pest attacks on pak choy plants by 19.25% and 19.50%.

Endophytic Bacterial Formulation to Suppress the Incidence of Fusarium Disease In Red Rice (Oryza nivara. L)

Ahmad Khairil Anam, Mariana Mariana, Ismed Setya Budi — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:23:03 +0000

This research aims to study the effect of peat soil endophytic bacterial formulations, lowland swamp soil endophytic bacterial formulations, tidal swamp soil endophytic bacterial formulations, kelakai endophytic bacterial formulations on red rice seeds in suppressing the incidence of fusarium disease. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications, namely control inoculation without endophytic bacteria, endophytic bacterial formulation with peat soil, endophytic bacterial formulation with lowland swamp soil, endophytic bacterial formulation with tidal swamp soil, bacterial formulation endophytes with kelakai and added one control inoculation treatment without endophytic bacteria and without pathogens to observe the parameters of plant height and number of tillers. Endophytic bacterial formulation treatment was able to reduce the incidence of fusarium disease. The endophytic bacterial formulation with lowland swamp soil had the lowest disease incidence of 67.5% with an effectiveness of 30.7%, the tidal swamp soil formulation 70% with an effectiveness of 28.2%, the peat soil formulation 77.5% with an effectiveness of 20.5%. % and the kelakai formulation was 82.5% with an effectiveness of 15.3%, while the control had the highest disease incidence of 97.5%. Apart from that, the endophytic bacteria formulation could extend the incubation period. Endophytic bacterial formulations can also increase plant height and number of tillers. Apart from that, soaking seeds with endophytic bacterial formulations does not affect seed germination and length of brown rice sprouts.

Effectiveness of Bintaro Leaf Extract (Cerbera odollam gaertn.) for Controlling Main Pests on Chili Plants (Capsicum annum Linn.)

Arwidya Winarni, Muhammad Indar Pramudi, Elly Liestiany — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:26:02 +0000

The use of botanical pesticides from natural ingredients that can be utilized is the bintaro plant (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.). This research aims to determine the effectiveness of bintaro leaf extract with water and ethanol as a solvent in controlling the main pests on chili plants. This research was conducted using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. The results of the research showed that the application of the botanical pesticide Bintaro leaves was able to reduce pest damage to chilies, the lowest intensity of leaf damage was seen in the PD treatment (5.99%), then the lowest percentage of fruit damage was observed in the KC treatment (11.37%) and the PC (14.94%). Apart from that, the application of the botanical pesticide Bintaro PA leaves produced the number of fruit (47,146 fruit/ha), the second largest after chemical control (49,923 fruit/ha).

Effect of Eco-enzyme Application to Suppress Moler Disease in Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) in Peatlands

Alwina Ayu Anggita, Salamiah Salamiah, Helda Orbani Rosa — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:29:13 +0000

This research aims to determine the effect of eco-enzyme application in suppressing moler disease in shallot plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) in peatlands. This research used the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method, where the treatments used in this study consisted of 4 treatments, namely control (without eco-enzyme solution) and 3 treatments of eco-enzyme solution with doses (0.2, 0.6, and 1 mL/200 mL water) which is repeated 5 times. The results of the research showed that the percentage of eco-enzyme that was able to suppress moler disease in treatment t3 (dose 1 mL/200 mL water) was 57.9%, and the smallest percentage of suppression in treatment t1 (dose 0.2 mL/200 mL water) was 43 .6%. In the incubation period research, Fusarium oxysporum appeared for the first time on the 14th day of DAP and occurred in all treatments. Meanwhile, the highest number of tubers/ha was in the control treatment at 58.40 tubers/treatment (162,222 tubers/ha). In the study, the wet weight of tubers in the control treatment had the heaviest tuber wet weight, namely 522.60 tubers/treatment (1,451.7 kg/ha), and the largest tuber diameter was in the treatment given eco-enzyme solution at a dose of 0.6 mL/200 kg. mL of water is 18.3 mm.

Pengaruh Kemasan Simpan Beras yang diberi Serbuk Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) Terhadap Serangan Kutu Beras (Sitophilus oryzae L.)

Siti Aisyah, Dewi Fitriyanti, Helda Orbani Rosa — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:31:07 +0000

South Kalimantan BPS data (2022) shows that there has been a decline in rice production of 79.28 thousand tons (11.65%) so it is necessary to have rice suppliers from outside South Kalimantan to meet the rice demand target. Sitophilus oryzae is the main pest during the shelf life of rice. Controlling rice aphids can be done in various ways, including using appropriate storage media and applying vegetable pesticides to plants that are believed to be able to control them, one of which is basil. This research uses the factorial RAL method with 2 factors, namely packaging (W) and dose (D). The doses given are 0g, 10g, 14g, 18g. The packaging used is in the form of plastic containers and plastic sacks. Obtained 8 combinations, each repeated 3 times. So a total of 24 experimental units. The results of statistical analysis show that the combination of 18g of basil leaf powder in plastic packaging is the best treatment in suppressing the S. oryzae population with a mortality rate of 60%. During 30 days of observation, no new population growth was found and showed the lowest level of rice damage of 1.0% compared to other treatments.

Microbial Diversity in the Rhizosphere of Red Onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) Plants Applied with Eco Enzyme in Peatlands

Noor Aprilliana, Yusriadi Marsuni, Salamiah Salamiah — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:34:41 +0000

This research aims to determine the impact of eco enzyme application on microbial diversity in the rhizosphere of shallot plantations on peatlands. This research used descriptive techniques with a purposive sampling method, consisting of 4 treatments, namely control (without eco enzyme treatment) and 3 treatments of eco enzyme solution with doses (0.2 ml, 0.6 ml, and 1 ml/200 ml water) with 5 repetitions. The identification results showed that there were 65 microbial isolates, of which 28 fungus isolates consisted of 9 fungal genera, namely Trichoderma spp., Penicillium sp., Acremonium sp., Mortierella spp., Humicola sp., Fusarium spp., Aspergillus sp., Culvularia sp. , Pythium spp. and 37 bacterial isolates consisting of 29 gram-positive bacterial isolates and 8 gram-negative bacterial isolates. The results of the research show that the application of eco enzyme has an impact on microbial diversity in the rhizosphere of shallot plantings on peatlands. The diversity of microbial types ranges from 0.9 – 1.4, including in the low – medium category. The richness of microbial species ranges from 0.9 – 1.7, which is included in the low category. The evenness of microbial types ranges between 0.8 – 1.0, including the low category, and the dominance index ranges between 0.3 – 0.5, including the none dominate category.

Effectiveness of Bintaro (Cerbera manghas) in suppressing moler disease attacks on shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) in peatlands

Dayatullah Dayatullah, Salamiah Salamiah, Noor Aidawati — Fri, 31 May 2024 01:37:23 +0000

Shallots are one of the important vegetable commodities that have been intensively cultivated by farmers for a long time, including in the non-substituted spices group which functions as food flavoring seasonings and ingredients for traditional medicine. In the production process, various constraint were found, one of which is the attack of pathogens that cause moler disease. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Bintaro solution on the intensity of Moler disease attacks on shallot plants on peatlands. The study was conducted at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru and in Tegal Arum Village, Landasan Ulin District, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan, from June to October 2022. The study used a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment tested was the application of old b intaro fruit, young bintaro fruit, bintaro leaves plus 1 control treatment. The application of vegetable pesticides was carried out by pouring the solution onto the surface of each shallot plant as much as 5 ml per plant, which was carried out 7 times with an interval of 1 week. Parameters observed were the intensity of the attack of moler disease, fresh weight of the bulbs, the number of bulbs and the diameter of the shallot bulbs. The results showed that the incubation period for the pathogen causing moler disease was 14 days. The application of bintaro plant solution was unable to suppress the attack of moler disease on shallots on peatlands and was unable to increase the number of shallot bulbs, but the application of old bintaro fruit was able to increase tuber wet weight by 41kg/ha and tuber diameter by 2%.

Streptomyces sp. test. Swampland Isolate to Suppress the Growth of Colletotrichum sp. Origin of Hiyung Variety Cayenne Pepper In Vitro

Alfi Sahriyanor, Mariana Mariana, Ismed Setya Budi — Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Hiyung chili is a local chili variety from South Kalimantan which is often attacked by anthracnose disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum sp. The attack became severe because it was planted in swamp land. An environmentally friendly potential alternative for controlling anthracnose disease is using antagonistic agents from the bacteria Streptomyces sp. Streptomyces sp. bacteria isolated from 4 swamp lands in South Kalimantan, 2 lowland swamps and 2 tidal swamps. The research aims to determine the ability of Streptomyces sp. Swampland isolates inhibit the growth of the fungus Colletotrichum sp. origin of Hiyung chili in vitro. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 16 treatments based on the origin of the isolates, 4 isolates from Sirang Laut, 4 isolates from Puntik, 4 isolates from Gudang Hirang and 4 isolates from Tajau Landung. Streptomyces sp bacteria. Isolated using selective Yeast Malt Agar media. The results of the exploration found 16 isolates of Streptomyces sp. and all isolates were able to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum sp. with an inhibition percentage above 50%. The highest percentage of inhibition for isolates from Puntik was 96.44% and the lowest percentage for isolates from Sirang Laut was 51.95%. There were 8 isolates that produced clear zones in the inhibition test which was thought to be due to producing antibiotics, 1 isolate was hyperparasitic, and 7 isolates had an overgrowth mechanism.