Acta Solum

Analisis Kandungan Hara N, P, dan K pada Perbedaan Lahan yang Ditanami Karet dan Kelapa Sawit

2024-03-22T02:30:44+00:00

The general obstacles in cultivating rubber and oil palm are soil acidity and limited availability of nutrients, especially N, P, and K. These nutrients play an important role in the growth of rubber and oil palm plants. Knowing the nutrient content is necessary to be able to determine the management that needs to be carried out. The objective of this study is to determine differences in the nutrient content of N, P, and K on various lands planted with rubber and oil palm plants. Soil sample analysis was conducted in the laboratory for available N, available P, and available K. To determine differences in land use for the elements N, P and K, data were analyzed using an unpaired two sample t test. The results showed differences in available K and available P levels between the two land types, while no differences were observed in N availability between the two land types. This variation may be caused by differences in land management practices.

Sebaran Tingkat Kemasaman Tanah dan Potensial Redoks serta Kedalaman Pirit (FeS2) pada Lahan Sulfat Masam di Kecamatan Alalak

2024-03-24T08:55:57+00:00

Acid sulfate soil has a layer of pyrite, when it is oxidized, can acidify the soil. The presence of pyrite in acid sulfate soils is very diverse and must be known. Not knowing the depth of pyrite can have fatal consequences, because layers of pyrite can be lifted to the surface due to tillage so that it oxidizes. This study aims to determine and map the distribution of pyrite depth, soil pH, and redox potential. Soil samples were determined with an exploratory descriptive method through land surveys and supported by laboratory analysis of pH, Eh and FeS2. The results showed that acidity of acid sulphate soil at all sample points was classified as very acid, Eh was classified as low reduction till oxidation. Based on the results of observations of pyrite depth, 3,492.15 ha (78.1%) was actual acid sulfate soil and 979.13 ha (21.9) was potential acid sulfate soil. So proper management is needed when turning over the soil so that the pyrite is not exposed, applying lime, organic material and regulating the water level so that the groundwater level is not below the depth of the pyrite

Pengaruh Tinggi Muka Air Tanah Gambut terhadap Evolusi Gas CO2

2024-03-25T10:01:36+00:00

This study aims to determine the effect of the groundwater level on the evolution of CO₂ in peat soils if the groundwater table is lowered from a depth of 40 cm (PP No. 57 of 2016 concerning protection and management of peat ecosystems) to a depth of 60 cm. This study was conducted in a greenhouse and Laboratory of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Department of Soil, Agriculture Faculty, ULM. This study was began in October 2021 and continued until February 2022. The research method used was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. The factors tested were the water table of the peat at a depth of 0 cm just above the soil surface (T1), 20 cm below the soil surface (T2), 40 cm below the soil surface (T3), and 60 cm below the soil surface (T4). The results of this study showed that the CO₂ evolution of peat soil during incubation for 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days at a depth of 20 cm was not significantly different from a depth of 40 cm and 60 cm, but significantly different when the groundwater level was right at the surface soil. The CO₂ evolution of peat soils at groundwater levels at the soil surface was lower than water levels 20, 40, and 60 cm below the ground.

Mitigasi Emisi CO2 Tanah Gambut yang Ditumbuhi Kelapa Sawit dengan Aplikasi Arang Kayu dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

2024-03-27T02:45:56+00:00

Peatlands are developed for the cultivation of plantation crops such as oil palm. However, recently the focus on the development of peatlands for this activity has been so great, especially in relation to the emission of carbon dioxide CO₂ into the atmosphere during land clearing, burning of biomass and maintenance of oil palm. The potential for peatland to be used as agricultural land must pay attention to environmental aspects such as the level of CO₂ emissions to these changes. This study aims to determine the effect of wood charcoal and empty oil palm fruit bunches on CO₂ emissions and their relationship to C-Mic and C/N ratios on peatlands overgrown with oil palm. This study used a randomized block design. The factors studied were the distribution of wood charcoal and empty palm fruit bunches at four levels, namely: control; wood charcoal 0.75 kg; empty palm fruit bunches 0.75 kg and empty palm fruit bunches 0.375 kg + wood charcoal 0.375 kg. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so that 12 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that on day 0 and day 45 the addition of wood charcoal and empty palm oil bunches had no effect on CO₂ emissions_,but on day 15 the results showed that the treatment had an effect on CO_2.emissions and soil microorganisms (C-mic). Unstable C/N ratios and value of CO₂ emission increased or decreased when sampling on different days.

Pengaruh Abu Janjang Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Kompos Eceng Gondok terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah Lahan Pasang Surut

2024-03-29T01:24:51+00:00

Marshes that are affected either directly or indirectly by the ebb and flow of seawater are known as tidal wetlands. The lack of soil nutrients like low pH, N, P, and K, as well as the high solubility of Al and Fe, which can poison plants, is the problem with tidal wetlands. The goal of the study was. to find out how the application of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) ash and water hyacinth compost changed the pH, organic C, N, P, and K levels of the soil in tidal wetlands. The randomized complete design (CRD) method was used in this pot experiment, with two factors: 1) four applications of oil palm EFB ash, and 2) four applications of water hyacinth compost. Oil palm EFB ash had doses of 0 ton.ha^-1, 1 ton.ha^-1, 1.5 ton.ha^-1, and 2 ton.ha^-1, while water hyacinth compost had doses of 0 ton.ha^-1, 2 ton.ha^-1, 3 ton.ha^-1, and 4 ton.ha^-1, respectively. 32 experimental units were created when 16 treatment combinations were replicated twice. After four weeks of incubation, the soil was submerged in water to a height of 5 cm. The application of oil palm EFB ash and compost made from water hyacinths had significant effects on pH, N-NO₃ˉ, available P, and K, but not organic C or N-NH₄⁺. The findings suggest that the application of water hyacinth compost and oil palm EFB ash can raise the pH, organic C, and levels of N, P, K in the soil.

Pemberian Biochar Arang Kayu dan Tandan Kosong Sawit terhadap Gas N2O pada Tanah Gambut yang Ditumbuhi Kelapa Sawit

2024-03-29T01:36:25+00:00

Peatlands are developed for agricultural cultivation, such as oil palm. The agricultural sector contributes 13.5% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Emissions from this sector are generally in the form of N₂O 46%, CH₄ 45%, and CO₂9%. Recently, the focus on the development of peatlands for this activity has been so great, especially in relation to emissions of nitrous oxide (N₂O). The potential for peatland to be used as agricultural land must pay attention to environmental aspects such as the level of N₂O emissions. This study aims to determine the effect of wood activated to empty palm oil fruit bunches on N₂O emissions from peatlands oil palm. This study used an allocation block design. The factors studied were the distribution of wood charcoal and empty palm oil bunches at 6 levels, namely: wood charcoal + 0 kg of empty palm fruit bunches; wood charcoal 0.75 kg + 0.75 kg of empty palm fruit bunches, and 0.375 empty palm fruit bunches+0.375 kg of wood charcoal; empty palm fruit bunch charcoal 1.5 kg+wood charcoal 1.5 kg. N₂O gas was analyzed using the closed chamber method and the soil was analyzed for soil pH and field water capacity. The treatment was repeated 3 times, resulting in 18 experimental units. The results showed that on day 0, the application of wood charcoal and empty palm oil bunches did not affect N₂O emissions_,but on the 15 and 45 days. The results showed that the treatment affected N₂O emissions.

Ketersediaan Nitrogen pada Ultisol dengan Aplikasi Kotoran Walet dan Arang Kayu

2024-03-30T08:02:59+00:00

The application of organic matter with a high nitrogen (N) content in combination with the application of wood charcoal is a common soil fertility management practice in Ultisols. This study aims to determine the availability of N in Ultisols, which are applied to swallow droppings and wood charcoal. The experimental design used was a two-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with the first factor being swallow droppings (0.5 and 10 t ha⁻¹) and the second factor being wood charcoal (0, 10, and 20 t ha⁻¹), with as many as three repetitions. As much as 200 g of soil was put into the incubation site, then swallow droppings and wood charcoal were added according to the treatment, stirred until evenly distributed, and then incubated at 70% field capacity for 14 days. The contents of NH₄⁺, NO₃^-, and pH were observed at the end of the incubation period. The results showed that the application of swallow droppings and wood charcoal increased the content of NH₄⁺, NO₃^-, and mineral N but lowered soil pH. The best treatment was given to swallow manure at 10 t ha^-1 which increased mineral N by 59%, and a combination of swallow manure 10 t ha^-1+10 t ha^-1 wood charcoal which increased nitrate content by 1,666%. The results of this study indicate that the application of swallow droppings combined with wood charcoal can increase the availability of N in Ultisols.

Karakteristik Kimia Tanah Gambut pada Tiga Tipe Penggunaan Lahan

2024-04-02T07:08:07+00:00

Peat soil is a soil that has been decomposed by organic matter. Man-made peatlands have been converted into agricultural land. In addition to being turned into agricultural land, some peatlands are also not used, causing the land to turn into shrubs and causing land to burn because it is not managed by the owner. Peatlands therefore consist of various types of land use. Peat soils in different types of land use have different characteristics. The purpose of the study was to determine the differences in some of the chemical properties of peatlands that have been used for shrubs, open land, and agriculture. To see the differences in soil chemical properties on various land uses, descriptive analysis, and standard deviation are used by presenting bar charts. The soil pH content on agricultural land is higher. The C-organic content in shrubs is higher than in agricultural land. Ash content on agricultural land is higher. Dissolved organic carbon on agricultural land tends to be lower.