Populasi Bakteri Penambat N2 Atmosfer pada Tanah Sawah yang Diberikan Herbisida dengan Berbagai Kandungan Bahan Aktif

Hendra Setiawan; Abdul Hadi; Fakhrur Razie

doi:10.20527/actasolum.v1i3.2282

Hendra Setiawan Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Abdul Hadi Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Fakhrur Razie Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/actasolum.v1i3.2282

Abstract

Supporting the increase in agricultural production today cannot be separated from the use of herbicides in land preparation activities. Most of the herbicides applied to plants will eventually fall to the ground, then undergo changes and in a certain time will be absorbed by the clay fraction and organic matter in the soil, which is generally known as herbicide residue. Toxic herbicide residues in the soil can kill soil microbes, which are not actually the target (non-target microorganisms) so that they interfere with the activity of soil microorganisms which in turn can affect the nutrient cycle in the soil.This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of giving herbicides with various types of active ingredients in paddy fields on the viability of N-fixing bacteria and their relationship to soil chemical properties.The research and analysis was carried out from November 2021 to January 2022. The method used in this study was the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) environmental design method with a single factor treatment design, namely the type of herbicide active ingredient. Based on the results of research that has been carried out, it is known that the herbicide Glyphosate can increase the population of atmospheric N₂-fixing bacteria in the soil, while the herbicide Paraquat and Methyl Metsulfuron can suppress the population growth of atmospheric N₂-fixing bacteria

References

Amiati, G.S. 2010. Respon Fisiologis Tanaman Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) Terhadap Herbisida Glisofat dan 2,4-D. Skripsi. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.

Balai Penelitian Tanah. 2009. Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air dan Pupuk Edisi 2. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Bogor.

Dermiyati. 1997. Pengaruh mulsa terhadap aktivitas mikroorganisme tanah dan produksi jagung hibrida C-1. Jurnal Tanah Trop. 5, 63-68.

Duniaji, A.S., Suter, I.K. 2021. Pengujian kandungan residu pestisida pada tanaman sayuran di Kabupaten Badung dengan kartu pendeteksi pestisida (pesticide detection cards) dan gas chromatopgraphy mass spectrophotometry. Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Pangan 10 (4), 746-752.

Fahmi. 2016. Pengaruh Dua Sistem Olah Tanah dan Aplikasi Herbisida Terhadap Respirasi Tanah Pada Pertanaman Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.). Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung.

Fang, J., Zhao, K., Liu, S. 1998. Factors affecting soil respiration in reference with temperature’s role in the global scale. Chinese Geographical Science 8, 246-255.

Laegreid, M., Bockman, O.C., Kaarstad, O. 1999. Agriculture, Fertilizers and The Environment. CABI publishing, United Kingdom.

Lubna, D., Sembiring, E. 2013. Emisi CO2 dan penurunan karbon organik pada campuran tanah dan kompos (skala laboratorium). Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 19, 24-32.

Merz, A.J., So, M. 2000. Interactions of pathogenic neisseriae with epithelial cell membranes. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 16(1), 423-457.

Mitsch, W.J. Gosselink, J.G. 1993. Wetlands. Ed. ke-2. Van Rostrand Reinhold, New York.

Putra, R.Y.A., Wiharso, D., Niswati, A. 2017. Pengaruh pengolahan tanah dan aplikasi herbisida terhadap kandungan asam humat pada tanah ultisol Gedung Meneng Bandar Lampung. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika 5(1), 51-56.

Quispel, A. 1974. General Introduction. pp. 1-8 in The Biology of Nitrogen Fixation, Nort-Holland. Res, Monographs. Vol. 33 (Cited from Kawaguci. K. ED). 1987. Paddy Soil Science. Kodansha. Tokyo in Japanese.

Sari, Y.K., Niswati, A., Arif, M.A.S., Yusnaini, S. 2015. Pengaruh sistem olah tanah dan aplikasi herbisida terhadap populasi dan biomassa cacing tanah pada pertanaman ubi kayu (Manihot utilissima). Jurnal Agrotek Tropika 3(3), 422-436.

Widyati, E. 2018. Intervensi manusia terhadap komunitas rhizosfir: Review. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan 26(1), 10-19.