Fluktuasi Genangan Air dan Pemberian Campuran Kapur dan Kompos Jerami Padi: Pengaruhnya terhadap pH dan Fe Larut pada Tanah Sulfat Masam

Fajar Prayoga; Muhammad Mahbub; Afiah Hayati

doi:10.20527/actasolum.v2i1.2274

Fajar Prayoga Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Muhammad Mahbub Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Afiah Hayati Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/actasolum.v2i1.2274

Abstract

Swamps in Indonesia are widely spread over four major islands, namely in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Papua, and Sulawesi Papua. The problem with acid-sulfate soils is when the pyrite layer is oxidized. This study used a two-factorial with completly randomized design (CRD). The first factor was flooding fluctuation an the second factor was lime with straw compost. The soil parameters tested were pH and soluble Fe. Observations in the second week of the treatment of fluctuations in puddles that were drained, then flooded and added with a mixture of 3 t ha^-1 lime, and 2.5 t ha^-1 of straw compos resulted in the highest pH of 6.21. The best soil pH was given lime at 3 t ha^-1, both flooded and drained. Observations in the fourth week produced the highest pH, namely 4.80. The pH value of the slightly acidic soil was due to an oxidation-reduction process. The 2^nd week of observation had the highest soluble Fe value of 221 mg kg1, which was due to the analysis of soluble Fe using a pH of 4.8 so that Fe²⁺ increased in dissolved Fe. The fourth week of observation had the lowest soluble Fe value of 56.34 mg kg^-1. This was due to flooding and the application of a mixture of lime and rice straw compost. The results of the study show that the interaction of fluctuations in water, lime, and rice straw compost that can affect soil pH and the solubility of soil soluble iron (Fe²⁺).

References

Abduh, A.M., Annisa, W. 2016. Interaction of paddy varieties and compost with flux of methane in tidal swampland. Journal Tropical Soils 21(3), 179-186. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2016.v21i3.179-186

Abduh, A.M. 2019. Emisi CH4 pada Lahan Padi Sawah Organic dengan Pola Tanam dan Dosis Pupuk yang Berbeda Di Imogiri, Bantul. Tesis. Universitas Gadja mada, Yogyakarta.

Afiat, R.N. 2021. Pengaruh Ukuran Butiran Kapur Pertanian Terhadap Peningkatan pH Tanah Sulfat Masam. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.

Antonangelo, J.A., Neto, J.F., Crusciol, C.A.C., Zhang, H., Alleoni, L.R.F. 2022. Lime and calcium-magnesium silicate cause chemical attributes stratification in no-till fields. Soil and Tillage Research 224, 105522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2022.105522

Barus, Y. 2011. Application of rice straw compost with different bioactivators on the growth and yield of rice plant. Journal Tropical Soils 17(1), 25-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.v17i1.25-29

Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengambangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. 2020. Inovasi Peningkatan Potensi Sumber. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Bogor.

Jayalath, N., Mosley, L.M., Fitzpatrick, R.W., Marschner, P. 2016. Addition of organic matter influences pH changes in reduced and oxidised acid sulfate soils. Geoderma 262, 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.08.012

Khairullah, I., Noor, M. 2018. Upaya peningkatan produktivitas padi melalui pemupukan di lahan pasang surut sulfat masam. Jurnal Pertanian Agros 20(2), 123-133.

Krisnawati, D., Bowo, C. 2019. Aplikasi kapur pertanian untuk peningkatan produksi tanaman padi di tanah sawah aluvial. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 2(1), 13-18.

Mukhlis, Sarifuddin, Hanum, H. 2017. Kimia Tanah Teori dan Aplikasi. USU Press, Medan.

Obiri-Nyarko, F. 2012. Ameliorating Soil Acidity in Ghana: A Concise Review of Approaches. International Conference on Agriculture, Science and Engineering (ICASE) 1(32). 3-7 September 2012. Beverly Scientific Organisation (BSO): 289-299.

Panhwar, Q.A., Naher, U.A., Radziah, O., Shamshuddin, J., Razi, I.M. 2015. Eliminating aluminum toxicity in an acid sulfate soil for rice cultivation using plant growth promoting bacteria. Molecules 20(3), 3628-3646. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20033628

Sao, S., Praise, S., Watanabe, T. 2023. Effect of flood duration on water extractable dissolved organic matter in flood plain soils: A laboratory investigation. Geoderma, 432, 116392.

Suriani, M., Mahbub, M., Rodinah, R. 2020. Pengaruh kompos jerami padi terhadap kelarutan ferro (Fe2+) dan pH tanah serta pertumbuhan tanaman padi ciherang di tanah sulfat masam. Agroekotek View 3(1), 55-61.

Wang, Z., Liu, X., Liang, X., Dai, L., Li, Z., Liu, R., Zhao, Y. 2022. Flooding-drainage regulate the availability and mobility process of Fe, Mn, Cd, and As at paddy soil. Science of The Total Environment 817, 152898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152898

Zhou, W., Han, G., Liu, M., Li, X. 2019. Effects of soil pH and texture on soil carbon and nitrogen in soil profiles under different land uses in Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand. PeerJ 7, e7880. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7880